Design and Implementation of an IoT-Based Monitoring System for Power and Energy Consumption in Residential Photovoltaic Installations in Puno, Peru

Cabrera G.H.C.; Ponce G.R.V.; Chipana G.J.F.; Chambilla T.R.B.; Cayo E.E.T.; Condori S.M. · C3 2025 - IEEE Colombian Caribbean Conference (2025) · DOI: 10.1109/c366505.2025.11340132

Resumen

This work presents solar energy design for generation at high altitudes $(3800+$ meters above sea level) for domestic use, focusing on Puno, Peru. Most solar installations in the region rely entirely on controllers and inverters, lacking IoT-based monitoring to track real-time battery storage and system performance. To address this gap, we propose an embedded system combining a Raspberry Pi, PZEM-016 energy meter, MQTT protocol, and cloud visualization. The system provides real-time data on power storage, system efficiency, enabling optimized energy use. Additionally, we evaluate the scalability potential of photovoltaic systems in high-altitude environments, where solar radiation intensity differs significantly from lower elevations. This approach not only improves monitoring but also supports future expansions of residential solar power systems in similar regions. Unlike conventional IoT monitoring tested at sea level, our implementation specifically addresses high-altitude challenges (3800+ masl) in Puno, Peru, where irradiance is extreme and climatic variability requires robust and low-cost monitoring.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional del Altiplano; Universidad Tecnológica del Perú