Deconstruction of Man-Nature Relations in Peru: Transformations of Social Upheavals into Harmony-Dialogue from the Ontological Singularity of the Aymara Indigenous People

Paredes S.B.; Maquera-Maquera Y.A.; Bermejo-Maquera S.A. · Revista Espanola de Antropologia Americana (2025) · DOI: 10.5209/reaa.98105

Resumen

The episodes of social upheaval against the Peruvian government and congress recorded between 2022-2023, with violent clashes between citizens and police-military forces, are unprecedented. Reasons for political crisis or structural social problems are insufficient to justify these events. The most turbulent moments have been led by the Aymara indigenous people, raising respect for their territories, nature and indigenous condition. The article, through a deep linguistic and content analysis, highlights that for the Aymara indigenous ontology the man-nature relationship is inalienable, integrating into intersubjective coexistence as beings with a sense of existence, whose core is constituted by balance, relationality and full harmony between humans and non-humans. Ignoring this unique perspective of life and thought can provoke unpredictable reactions. The novelty lies in reconciling antagonistic ontologies, reexamining the concetual-theoretical structures between the social and natural, constructing new legal and cognitive foundations and restoring the denied Being of both man and nature: from an object susceptible to extraction to a subject with rights.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional del Altiplano; Universidad Católica San Pablo