Correlation Between Gloss and Surface Roughness of Low Viscosity Bulk Fill Resin Composites

Quea-Cahuana E.; Llerena G.A.D.; Antunez I.S.G.; Mori-Guerrero L.I.; Anduaga-Lescano S.; Cava-Vergiu C. · Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (2026) · DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.1737244

Resumen

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the correlation between gloss and roughness in low-viscosity bulk fill resin composites. Materials and Methods: The study had an experimental, analytical, prospective, and cross-sectional design. A total of 60 composite resin blocks were evaluated and distributed into three groups of 20 units each: Group 1-3M Filtek Bulk Fill Flow (FBF), Group 2-Opus Bulk Fill Flow APS (OBF), Group 3-Opalis Flow (OF) (Reference group). Gloss and roughness were measured using a gloss meter and a contact roughness meter. In the descriptive analysis, measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated. The normality of the data was evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk test. For the comparison of roughness between resin composites, the ANOVA test was applied, and for gloss, the Kruskal-Wallis test was applied, both with Tukey´s and Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Figner post-hoc tests, respectively. The relationship between variables was measured using Pearson and Spearman correlations. The data were processed using the SPSS statistical package, considering a significance level of 0.05. Results: The FBF resin had the highest average roughness (0.35 Ra), while OF had the lowest value (0.28 Ra); in addition, OF had the highest gloss values (26.94 GU). On the other hand, there was a statistically significant high negative correlation between roughness and gloss (p < 0.01). Conclusions: There was an inverse relationship between roughness and gloss regardless of the type of resin composites evaluated. © (2026), (Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry). All right reserved.

Instituciones: Universidad de San Martín de Porres