Continuities and ruptures of virtual education in rural Peru digital divide, institutional capacities, and educational management in UGEL Jaén (Cajamarca), 2015–2025

Banda Pérez J.W. · Clio. Revista de Historia, Ciencias Humanas y Pensamiento Critico. (2026) · DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18859279

Resumen

Online education was the main strategy to ensure educational continuity during the health emergency, revealing deep structural gaps in the Peruvian education system. The purpose of the study was to propose an improvement plan to strengthen online education strategies in the Unidad de Gestión Educativa Local (UGEL) Jaén, Cajamarca, based on a diagnosis of digital, pedagogical, and institutional strategies. Methodologically, an applied, non-experimental, descriptive–propositional, cross-sectional study was conducted through a survey of 130 basic education teachers, using a questionnaire validated by experts with adequate reliability. The results revealed strengths in teacher–student interaction and formative feedback, but critical weaknesses in the use of digital resources, online assessment, and institutional management, as well as low perceived student satisfaction. It is concluded that the quality of online education depends on the articulation of teaching competencies, technological conditions, and institutional leadership, supporting a plan aligned with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4.

Instituciones: Universidad César Vallejo