Chemical analysis related to the stomatal density and yield of cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) nourished with compost based on plant residues

Cruz Nieto D.D.; Castro Bartolomé H.J.; Nunja García J.V.; Mamani Salcedo B.L.; De Liendo F.V.P.N.V.; Romero Menacho J.U.; Cabanillas Sulca J.C.; Escobedo Pérez R.R.; Jamanca Ramirez M.A.; Vilca Arratia P.E.; Condori Ramos G.M.; Cruz Nieto A.E.; Gástulo Chávez M.E.; Abarca Rodriguez J.J. · Brazilian Journal of Biology (2025) · DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.296376

Resumen

The global food crisis has reached critical levels due to the increase in the costs of synthetic fertilizers, energy resources, and other essential materials for the industry. This is why research was conducted on the chemical analysis in relation to stomatal density and the yield of cilantro nourished with compost based on vegetable waste. The objective was to analyze the chemical relationship between stomatal density and the yield of cilantro nourished with compost based on vegetable waste (CBPW). Methodology was applied research with an experimental approach, so the statistical model of the Completely Randomized Block Design was used, which consisted of 3 blocks and 5 treatments: T1 with 0, T2 with 6, T3 with 8, T4 with 10, and T5 with 12 t ha−1 of CBPW, applied 26 days after planting. Once the data on total plant length, plant weight, number of leaves, and commercial yield were obtained, they were processed using analysis of variance and Duncan’s test. Total nitrogen and phosphorus consumption, nutritional concentration in leaves (nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, molybdenum, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, chlorides, and sodium), stomatal density, and profitability were also determined. Results determined that T5 stood out with a total plant length of 53.02 cm, plant weight of 67 g, number of leaves per plant with 122, and commercial yield of 35.842 t ha−1. Total nitrogen consumption was 355.04 kg ha−1, total phosphorus consumption was 453.78 kg ha−1, and profitability was 219%. Nutritional concentration: T1 stood out in molybdenum, manganese, copper, zinc, and chlorides. Stomatal density with 353 stomata mm−2. It is concluded that T5 excelled due to its high iron concentration and lower stomatal density, which resulted in a higher yield of 35.842 t ha−1 of cilantro. Therefore, this dose added nutrients that improved availability for greater absorption by the plant, thus optimizing transpiration, photosynthesis, the formation and translocation of carbohydrates toward the plant’s reserves, and other biochemical processes, which strengthened it against nutritional stress, pests, and the environment, resulting in higher yield.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de Cañete; Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Huanta; Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo