Characteristics of donors, availability of blood components, and trends in infectious markers at the Loreto Blood Bank, 2018 - 2022

Rengifo-Peña A.; Paredes-Arbildo J.; Marin J.; Lopez-Mesia J.P.; Zevallos K. · Anales de la Facultad de Medicina (2024) · DOI: 10.15381/anales.v85i4.28432

Resumen

Introduction. Theevaluationof donors andbloodcomponents ensures quality therapy. Objective. Tocharacterize donors, describe the availability of blood components, and analyze trends in transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs). Methods. A descriptive-retrospective study was conducted using data from the Loreto Regional Blood DonationCenter(2018–2022).Applicantsagedover18years,screenedserologicallyforHIV,hepatitisB,hepatitis C, HTLV, syphilis, and Chagas disease, were included. sociodemographic variables, deferrals, production, disposal of blood components, and TTI prevalence were analyzed through descriptive analysis. Results. The percentage of eligible candidates decreased from 79.8% (1556/1951) in 2018 to 72.5% (6977/9633) in 2022. The main cause of deferral was low hemoglobin levels (30%). Male participation predominated (74.3%), as did the 25–44 age group (60%). Blood component production increased from3487 to 7568 units, with red blood cell concentrates being the most prominent (68.7%). Discards totaled 1583 units, primarily due to expiration (68.4%) and TTIs (29.3%). Syphilis was the most common TTI (1.4%), followed by HTLV (0.5%) and Chagas (0.4%). Conclusion. The study evidenced a sustained increase in the production and demand for blood components. The main characteristic of the donors was male predominance and age between 25 and 44 years. The main causes of elimination were expiration and transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs), with syphilis standing out as the infection with the highest prevalence and the most marked upward trend during the analyzed period.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana