Case Study in Biomechanical Engineering: Finite Element Stress Analysis of a Femur with a Surface Hip Spherical-Joint Implant

Llontop D.A.R.; Palomares R.; Cornejo J.; Castro R.; Alata-Rey J.; Vargas M. · Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE 32nd International Conference on Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computing, INTERCON 2025 (2025) · DOI: 10.1109/intercon67304.2025.11244623

Resumen

Hip osteoarthritis, or coxarthrosis, is a degenerative disease that disrupts the balance between the formation and degradation of articular cartilage and subchondral bone, causing structural damage, progressive pain, and functional impairment. Its estimated prevalence is 12%, occurring at least twice as often in women as in men. Clinical and radiological evidence shows that approximately 6% of people over 30 years of age and 10% of those over 65 years of age present with symptoms of coxarthrosis. Total hip arthroplasty is the most effective treatment for improving the patient's quality of life, although it carries risks such as an increased likelihood of femoral neck fracture. This study proposes a Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis of a femur model corresponding to an individual under 65 years of age, weighing 90 kg and measuring 175 cm, presenting a normal coxa acetabular morphology with a surface prosthesis, in which its biomechanical performance is evaluated under four scenarios: a static condition (standing) and three dynamic conditions (vertical jump with single-leg landing). Anatomical and biomechanical data were collected, and SolidWorks software was used for modeling and stress analysis. The results showed maximum stresses in biomechanically coherent areas, all below the elastic limits of cortical bone and Ti-6Al-4V; This is consistent with other studies indicating that hip resurfacing arthroplasty is a viable and effective long-term solution for appropriately selected active male patients.

Instituciones: Universidad Ricardo Palma; Universidad Tecnológica del Perú