Cardiovascular risk, fatty liver disease, glucose and insulin curve among prediabetes phenotypes in Peruvian population

Rocca-Nación J.; Calderon M. · American Journal of Medicine Open (2022) · DOI: 10.1016/j.ajmo.2022.100007

Resumen

Aims: To describe the cardiovascular risks, fatty liver disease, and glucose and insulin curve among prediabetes phenotypes (PPh) in Peruvian population. Methods: A study was carried out using a secondary database of a series of patients with identified risk factors for diabetes mellitus type 2 in one clinic in Lima, Peru. Patients were divided according with the OGTT in impaired glucose 2h or IGT(Pph1), impaired fasting glucose or IFG(Pph3) or both(Pph2). Results: 259 patients were identified for analysis, 149 of whom had normal OGTT, 94 had prediabetes (36.3%), and 16 diabetes (6.2%). We found that 37(39.4%), 37(39.4%) and 20(21.2%) presented Pph1, Pph-2 and Pph-3 respectively. Most of the cardiovascular risks and hepatic function comparison showed no difference in our study sample groups. However, we found that Pph2 showed significantly higher abnormalities in HDL-c, triglycerides, hepatic steatosis, and HOMA-IR compared with normal OGTT group (p < 0.05). Interestingly, this difference was not seen with the other phenotypes. Also, hepatic steatosis was higher in Pph2 compared to Pph3 (p < 0.05). HOMA-IR was high in Phenotype 2 compared with Phenotype 1. Regarding hepatic steatosis, this was high in all prediabetes phenotypes, however we found this to be of statistical significance in Pph2 compared to Pph3 (p < 0.01). Conclusions: In general, prediabetes phenotypes show a similar association with cardiovascular risk factors and hepatic steatosis, however, Pph2 show more differences in specific comparisons. We believe that this study is a starting point for further investigation to understand prediabetes in Peruvian population and be able to improve disease risk stratification.