Attention deficit hyperactivity: pharmacotherapy through life

Velarde M.; Anicama A.; Cárdenas A. · Medicina (Argentina) (2023)

Resumen

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of biological origin with a 70 to 80% genetic basis, which affects 5% of children and adolescents and 2.5% of adults, whose main symptoms are inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. For many years it was thought that it only affected children; currently in the DSM 5 it is accepted that it can be diagnosed in adolescents and adults. Treatment must be individualized, the main objec-tives are to improve the core symptoms of people with ADHD, and their quality of life. The therapeutic approach is psychological, behavioral, and pharmacological. Medications are classified as stimulants and non-stimulants, with stimulants such as methylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, and dexamphetamine being the first line. Non-stimulants include guanfacine and atomox-etine. Treatment is essential because it improves the quality of life of the person at the family, educational, work, and social levels.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga