Assessment of nutritional status and sarcopenia in adults with rheumatoid arthritis treated in outpatient clinic, Hospital Hipólito Unanue, Tacna - Peru, 2023

Condori Castro C. · Nutricion Clinica y Dietetica Hospitalaria (2024) · DOI: 10.12873/443condori

Resumen

Introduction: The prevalence of sarcopenia in the adult population increases with age, which can aggravate other conditions such as overweight, obesity and diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), significantly affecting people’s quality of life. Objective: Determine the association between the level of activity of rheumatoid arthritis and sarcopenia in patients treated in the outpatient clinic of the Hipólito Unanue hospital, Tacna 2023. Materials and Methods: Observational-cross-sectional study. The population was made up of patients with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis aged between 25 and 60 years (n=75). The variables studied were: rheumatoid arthritis, sarcopenia, age, sex, weight, height, BMI, body fat mass, muscle strength, eating habits and physical activity. Body composition was measured using anthropometry. Physical performance was determined with the “Short Physical Performance Battery” (SPPB) test. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test was used, since the sample was greater than 50, a significance level of 0.05, and the Chi Square statistical test was used to determine the relationship between the variables with a p-value 0.00< 0.05. Results: The patients evaluated are 41.3% overweight, 33.3% have a normal nutritional status and 25.3% are obese. Regarding the activity of rheumatoid arthritis, 65.3% have a moderate activity level, 24% mild and 4% severe. In turn, of those evaluated according to the EGWSOP2 criteria, 60% have severe sarcopenia and 20% have severe sarcopenia. of confirmed sarcopenia. Patients with excess weight according to BMI do not necessarily have a higher degree of sarcopenia. A significant association was found with p 0.00 <0.05, whereby the level of rheumatoid arthritis activity is associated with the severity of sarcopenia. Conclusion: The nutritional assessment of rheumatoid arthritis activity has a considerable effect on the clinical results of sarcopenia indicators; it was found that seven out of ten adults evaluated have severe sarcopenia. Therefore, the implementation of screening tests that can be helpful in detecting people at risk of sarcopenia at the first level of care is suggested.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos