Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Rheumatic Diseases and Immunocompromising Conditions

Cotera A.; Urquiaga M.; Kahn M. · Interdisciplinary Rheumatology: Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases (2026) · DOI: 10.1201/9781003628477-11

Resumen

We provide an overview of antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases and other immunocompromising conditions. Patients with rheumatologic conditions are at increased risk of severe infections due to the underlying pathology and the use of immunosuppressive agents. We discuss interventions to help prevent Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) and other opportunistic infections, including invasive mold infections (with triazole antifungals), herpesviruses (with acyclovir or valacyclovir), cytomegalovirus (with valganciclovir), and antibacterial prophylaxis in neutropenic patients. We underscore the need for multidisciplinary decision-making, considering patient comorbidities, institutional guidelines, and evolving evidence to optimize infection prevention in this vulnerable population.

Instituciones: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia