Antimicrobial activity of curcumin (Curcuma longa L.) and its derivatives against microorganisms of dental interest: a narrative review

Montero S.C.L.; Luza A.C.C.; Carhuavilca J.R.C.; Yanahida J.E.C.; Luna A.C.; Perfecto D.R. · Avances en Odontoestomatologia (2025)

Resumen

Curcumin, a natural phenolic compound and the main active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), is recognized for its multiple biological effects. Its antibacterial and antifungal activities have been documented, including the alteration of bacterial membranes, inhibition of virulence factors, prevention of biofilm formation, and induction of oxidative stress. This review aims to describe the physicochemical properties and mechanism of action of curcumin and provide an update on its application as an antimicrobial agent in microorganisms relevant to dentistry. An extensive search was conducted in various databases to identify relevant studies published between 2019 and 2024, using terms such as curcumin, turmeric, gingivitis, periodontal health, and plaque control. The results indicate that curcumin and its derivatives have significant potential for treating bacterial and fungal infections, although their efficacy may vary depending on the strain and formulation. This highlights the need to optimize its use and better understand its mechanisms of action to maximize clinical effectiveness.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Universidad de San Martín de Porres