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Antibacterial effects of oregano oil (Origanum vulgare) and 0.12% chlorhexidine on strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277) and Prevotella intermedia (ATCC 25611): in vitro

Lupuche R.M.; Díaz D.H.G.; Castillo L.F.P.; Díaz C.C.; Lam L.P.C.; Ccorihuaman A.T.; Carpio C.A.M. · Ain Shams Dental Journal (Egypt) (2026) · DOI: 10.21608/asdj.2025.404794.2232

Resumen

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of oregano essential oil (Origanum vulgare) at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75%, compared to 0.12% chlorhexidine against these bacterial strains in vitro. Materials and methods: This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of oregano essential oil (OEO) (Origanum vulgare) at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75%, and compare it with 0.12% chlorhexidine as a positive control. The evaluation was performed in vitro against strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia over three time intervals: 24, 48, and 72 hours, using 20 petri dishes. The extraction of oregano essential oil was carried out at the Chemistry Faculty Laboratory of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, using dried oregano leaves. The antimicrobial sensitivity test was conducted at the ―Santa Rosa E.I.R.L.ǁ Biological and Clinical Analysis Laboratory. Results: Regarding the antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis, 0.12% chlorhexidine consistently showed higher effectiveness at all time points (24, 48, and 72 hours), with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). In contrast, for Prevotella intermedia, oregano oil at 75% was the most effective concentration at all measured intervals, also demonstrating statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Oregano essential oil showed significant antibacterial activity against Prevotella intermedia, particularly at a concentration of 75%. On the other hand, 0.12% chlorhexidine was more effective against Porphyromonas gingivalis. These findings suggest that oregano oil may serve as a natural alternative treatment, especially for infections involving Prevotella intermedia. © The Author(s) 2026.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal