Alteration of Physiological, Neurocognitive and Psychological Functions in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review

Barros-Osorio C.; Villoria É.; Cachicatari-Vargas E.; Álvarez-Becerra R.; Bulnes A.M.M. · Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems (2026) · DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-99702-0_11

Resumen

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of female mortality worldwide, with significant impacts on the physical, cognitive, and psychological health of affected women. This narrative review aims to explore the physiological, neurocognitive, and psychological mechanisms associated with breast cancer and its treatments, as well as to identify the adverse effects they cause, such as cognitive decline, anxiety, and depression. Among the most relevant findings, it was identified that while breast cancer treatment is effective, it produces side effects such as impairments in memory, attention, and processing speed, which affect patients’ quality of life. Additionally, chronic stress and anxiety, exacerbated by the diagnosis and treatment side effects, contribute to significant cognitive decline. Patients who lack adequate social and emotional support experience higher levels of distress, further worsening cognitive and emotional impairments. These conclusions highlight the need to integrate psychosocial interventions into breast cancer treatment, not only to improve quality of life but also to mitigate long-term adverse effects. This comprehensive approach could serve as a model for breast cancer management, focusing on both the physical and emotional well-being of patients. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de Trujillo; Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann