Agronomic biofortification of potato through Zn foliar and soil fertilization

Gutierrez-Vilchez P.P.; Quispe-Poma M.; Acuńa M.; Egúsquiza R.; Vega-Ravello R. · Soil Science Annual (2026) · DOI: 10.37501/soilsa/221698

Resumen

Zinc is an essential micronutrient in human health; however, its deficiency is considered a limiting factor for growth and development in children, especially in developing countries. Therefore, agronomic biofortification, the practice of applying fertilizers to crops to increase micronutrient concentrations in the harvested product, seeks to reduce the low intake of zinc in diets. Experimental plots in La Molina and Cańete, Peru were used to test agronomic biofortification in potato through soil and foliar fertilization. Three experiments were conducted, comprising 6 potato fields cultivated under furrow irrigation in the coastal region, characterized by an arid climate, low rainfall, and sparse natural vegetation. Experiment 1 included 3 fields with a complete block design and a factorial arrangement of 3 soil-applied Zn doses (0, 20, and 40 kg ha–1) and 2 foliar Zn doses (0 and 5 kg ha–1). Experiment 2 involved two fields with a complete block design, where foliar fertilization was applied at i) 0, 4, 8, and 16 kg ha–1 and ii) 5 and 10 kg ha–1, fractionated into 4 and 8 applications. Experiment 3 was carried out using a complete block design with soil-applied Zn doses of 0, 10, 20, and 40 kg ha–1. Zinc concentrations were increased in potato tuber flesh and skin employing fertilization methods. A more significant response to foliar fertilization than to soil fertilization was observed, soil being a limiting factor in fertilization efficiency. In general, foliar applications can increase Zn levels in pulp by 40%. Potato yield was not affected by soil applications, but foliar fertilization can affect yield.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina