Advances in Triaxial Testing Methodologies for the Mechanical Characterization of Soils: A Literature Review

De La Cruz Vega S.A.; Gomero Mancesidor J.M.; Mendoza Flores C.M. · Civil Engineering and Architecture (2026) · DOI: 10.13189/cea.2026.140439

Resumen

The triaxial test is a key experimental method in geotechnical engineering used to evaluate how soils behave under controlled stress conditions. This study presents a review of recent developments in triaxial testing for soil characterization, based on scientific publications from 2015 to 2025. The review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and used databases such as ScienceDirect, Scopus, and SciELO. The results show clear progress in testing techniques and equipment, especially in deformation measurement systems and pore pressure monitoring. These improvements have helped increase the accuracy and reliability of experimental data. Factors such as sample type, drainage conditions, confining pressure, and specimen geometry were identified as important variables that influence soil behavior during triaxial loading. In addition, the analysis shows noticeable variability in geotechnical parameters like cohesion and internal friction angle, depending on soil type, test conditions, and sample preparation. Recent studies also point to a shift toward nonlinear strength criteria, as well as more advanced numerical and analytical approaches for interpreting results. In conclusion, the triaxial test remains an essential and evolving tool in geotechnical engineering. Ongoing improvements in methods and technology have strengthened the reliability of the parameters obtained, allowing a better understanding of soil behavior and supporting more accurate geotechnical design.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de Barranca