A Literature Review on Political Discourse in Electoral Processes

Duche-Pérez A.B.; Grundy-López R.E.; Vera-Revilla C.Y.; Gutiérrez-Aguilar O.A. · European Public and Social Innovation Review (2025) · DOI: 10.31637/epsir-2025-2222

Resumen

Introduction: The evolution and new dynamics of political discourse in electoral contexts worldwide are characterized by polarization and extremism, affecting voter persuasion, conviction, and public debate. This systematic review analyzes the evolution of political discourse and its impact on political communication and electoral processes. Methodology: Following the PRISMA Statement guidelines, studies were collected from databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley, and EBSCO. Results: An analysis of 14 studies identifies significant discursive patterns in contemporary democracies, including campaign strategies, discourse content, and media coverage, providing a global view of discursive practices and their effect on political processes. Discussion: The importance of the media as a link between politicians and citizens is highlighted, showing how framing and political narratives shape public opinion and exploring the relationship between discursive patterns, polarization, extremism, and their impact on democratic values and political rights. Conclusions: This review shows that polarization and extremism in political discourse significantly affect voter persuasion and public debate, directly impacting democratic values and political rights.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa; Universidad Católica de Santa María