A COMPREHENSIVE NATURAL HISTORY REVIEW OF CHLOSYNE LACINIA (GEYER, 1837; LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE): PATTERNS OF PHENOTYPIC VARIATION AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION

Phelps J.M.; Santiago-Rosario L.Y.; Paredes-Burneo D.; Harms K.E. · Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society (2023) · DOI: 10.18473/lepi.77i4.a1

Resumen

We conducted a literature review and added some novel observations of the natural history of the bordered patch butterfly, Chlosyne lacinia (Nymphalidae). Regarding color and patterning, C. lacinia is considered one of the most variable butterflies in the Western Hemisphere, with phenotypic variation occurring in larvae, pupae, and adults. Several studies have been conducted on C. lacinia, partly due to its notable phenotypic variation and status as a pest species of domestic sunflowers (Helianthus annuus). Even so, the origins, development, and maintenance of phenotypic variation remain poorly known. Having the most extensive geographic range of any species in its genus, C. lacinia ranges from Argentina to the mid-latitude midwestern United States. Moreover, C. lacinia displays six distinct adult morphs across its geographic range. Morphologically continuous, relatively geographically narrow gradients between adjacent morphs have given rise to alternative interpretations about subspecies. By providing the first comprehensive maps of adult morphs, including data collected via citizen science in iNaturalist, we provide directions for further research into the species’ biology.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos